Marcel Arnould nous a quittés le jeudi 13 janvier 2011.
Ses anciens élèves, ses collègues et amis de l'Ecole des Mines de Paris (aujourd'hui MINES ParisTech), du CFGI (Comité Français de Géologie de l'Ingénieur et de l'Environnement) et de l'AIGI (Association Internationale de Géologie de l'Ingénieur et de l'Environnement) ont souhaité lui rendre hommage au travers d'une Journée scientifique internationale, organisée le 12 octobre 2011 par le CFGI, avec le parrainage et le soutien de l'AIGI.
Marcel Arnould, co-fondateur de l'AIGI, a constamment porté et soutenu le développement de la géologie de l'ingénieur ou "engineering geology" de par le monde. Nous enseignant le "Design with Nature" de lan McHarg, non pas "Composer avec la Nature" mais "Concevoir en harmonie avec la Nature", il nous a montré que l'expertise correspondante se construit beaucoup par une longue et raisonnée pratique des terrains géologiques et par les retours d'expérience sur événements.
Tous les messages reçus des quatre coins du monde ont évoqué cette action soutenue dans le temps, avec détermination, soulignant aussi ses qualités personnelles et son enthousiasme communicatif. Le parcours professionnel de Marcel Arnould est rappelé au début de cet ouvrage. Cette Journée scientifique internationale a été l'occasion de rassembler un ensemble de textes traitant de géologie de l'ingénieur ou "engineering geology".
Les nombreuses facettes de cette discipline scientifique et technique, étroitement liée aux sciences de la Terre, mais aussi aux sciences mécaniques et hydrologiques, sont illustrées dans cet ouvrage.
During the last decades material modelling has become a field of central scientific importance. With this conference we intend to continue a forum for discussions on a wide spectrum of aspects in the fi eld of material modelling as initiated in 2009 in Dortmund with ICMM1.
Although there exist many workshops, meetings and colloquia on particular aspects, specific materials and particular applications, a coherent conference series dedicated to material modelling in all its various facets was called for. To this end, the aim of the conference series is to bring together researchers from various fields of material modelling to foster bridges between different disciplines including materials science, mechanics, physics, chemistry,. This provides an excellent opportunity for interaction between scientists working in different subareas of material mechanics.
Digital technologies offer new means of expression in the field of music allowing us to explore areas of unlimited and unprecedented sound and expressiveness.
It is, therefore, important to train future generations regarding these tools from experimental and multidisciplinary perspectives to ensure that musical creation will evolve and fully exploit the possibilities these technologies offer.
With this in mind, we have collected for this book fifteen texts written by researchers, teachers, musicians, composers and Ph.D. students of various backgrounds, each having an innovative and individual practice of teaching music or signal processing.
The book was published following a conference held on 2 and 3 November, 2015 at the University of Saint-Etienne, organized by the CIEREC (Interdisciplinary Center for Studies and Research on Contemporary Expression) in partnership with GRAME. It has been partially funded by the FEEVER project [ANR-13- BS02-0008] supported by the Agence nationale pour la recherche.
Dominique Jeulin has been Director of Research and Professor at École des Mines de Paris, which he joined in 1986. He previously worked at IRSID, where he developed image analysis for materials of steel industry. At École des Mines, he was at the head of the "Physics of Heterogeneous Media" group, with activities in three laboratories of École des Mines de Paris: the Centre de Morphologie Mathématique (Fontainebleau), the Centre de Géostatistique (Fontainebleau), and the Centre des Matériaux P.M. Fourt (Évry).
His main research interests cover the theoretical prediction of physical properties of random media, fracture statistics models, homogenization of mechanical and optical properties of composite materials and of biological tissues, but also, as illustrated by some of the images in this book, probabilistic segmentation of images, random media and nanostructures, 3D image analysis...
His colleagues and friends, from France and abroad, have met in Oléron for a workshop in his honor. They also prepared the present book, which collects articles that are both of a scientific nature, as well as "sentimental" views on their collaboration with Dominique...
Our energy needs are the major contribution to greenhouse gas emissions. Fossil fuels are still largely the primary source of energy of most world economies. In this context, it is absolutely necessary to optimize energy systems so as tominimize the consumption of fossil fuels.
Energy system modeling is an essential step in understanding the system inefficiencies and improvement potential. This book gives a presentation of main thermodynamic concepts that are required to understand the working principles of thermodynamic cycles and to model their performances. The focus here is put on heat to power thermodynamic cycles (gas turbines, steam vapor power plants, combined cycle and cogeneration plants) and on vapor compression cycles. For each system, the book presents the basic cycle and explains the main ideas proposed to optimize its performances, including the introduction of the exergy concept.
The main objective of the book is to present comprehensible performance analysis and improvement methods. Even if some of the presented systems have been developed for decades, these methods are extremely useful in the reduction of energy consumption and to tackle environmental issues.
This book has been designed for students of the Masters degree in Science and Executive Engineering at MINES ParisTech and of the Energy Masters degree at PSL Research University.
Before 2020, remote working was a limited but growing practice in many French companies. The Covid-19 crisis forced many of them to partly remove the prejudices they could still have about working at home. A new era is beginning... This book intends to raise the question of remote working beyond the pandemic episode and what it teaches us. It outlines the future of work in the light of this unprecedented experience. Based on hearings with experts (sociologists, ergonomists, HR managers, local managers, etc.) and the review of academic studies and reports, it provides international benchmarks and points of attention for all entities that must redesign the organization of work and its balance: management, spaces, work time, digital tools, communication... The book brings to light debates that are not yet settled, such as the thorny question of eligibility for remote working and the potential inequalities of access, the expected productivity of remote working, its impact on social ties, trust, collaboration, innovation and creativity. It is indeed a hybrid work - on site and at a distance - that we need to prepare from today. This study will be of interest to companies faced with these organizational and managerial transformations, and more particularly to HR, real estate departments, digital transformation departments, trade unionists and employee representatives, consultants, but also to all managers who are faced with these challenges on a daily basis.
This volume takes a close look at monitoring activities in chemical and nuclear industrial processes.
The authors document the day-to-day work in these sectors, asking simple questions: What are workers actually doing in a highly automated plant? How do they ensure that production is continuous and that the plant is safe? How do they combine their work on the facility itself and their remote work in the control room? How is the work of employees organized, given that their tasks cannot be consistently determined in advance?
The analysis shatters the image of labor as physical toil or as a social constraint As such, this detailed study of these industrial configurations gives us tools to question the changes underfoot in our work environments, far beyond nuclear and chemical plants.
This book is written in clear, direct language, and includes numerous concrete examples and verbatim quotes from the authors' fieldwork. It is intended for social science and engineering students, as well as for professionals who are confronted on a daily basis with these new ways of organizing production.
Mineral resources have been used by humanity since ancient times. However, the diversity of resources used has drastically increased with the growth of high technology products, especially those in sectors dealing with the environment and the energy transition. Moreover, the overall amount of extracted resources is significantly high and only rising. Some of these resources are defined as "critical" by the European Union, as they are of great importance for these economic sectors and their supply is a growing concern.
Although the environmental question of resource depletion has been widely debated within the life cycle assessment (LCA) scientific community, a clear consensus has not been reached. Combining resource depletion, resource dissipation and criticality in Life Cycle Assessment is therefore a key challenge that needs to be addressed to better assess the eco-design of future products in regard to the area of protection "Resources".
This book provides a synthesis of the main contributions presented during a workshop organized by the EcoSD network in 2020. This workshop was entitled "From depletion to resources criticity in LCA : what challenges for sustainable design ? " and aimed to address the issue of resources within the LCA framework. The workshop put in perspective the last methodological developments (in terms of both tools and methods) and the public and private stakeholder points of view through practical examples.
The workshop addressed the following key issues : What are the good practices concerning the integration of impacts on resources within the LCA framework in terms of resource depletion/ dissipation and resource criticality ? What kind of tools and methods could be used ? How can resource depletion and criticality be combined in LCA ? Is resource and criticality assessment relevant for eco-design ? How do stakeholders use resource and criticality assessments when they carry out an LCA ? Some 90 researchers from industry, academia and governmental institutions attended this EcoSD workshop.
Their goal was that this workshop serve as a catalyst for the development of closer collaboration between research and industries.
In the garden of computer science and technology, a bright flower: the International Workshop on Image Analysis (IWIA2010) blooms in Nîmes, France, August 24th-27th 2010. Scientists and experts from Asia, Europe and America take part in this workshop and discuss together on image analysis. This wonderful symposium lights innovation sparks and motivates the improvement of theories and applications in computer image analysis subjects.
This book covers various areas in image analysis subjects, including image enhancement, filtering and restoration, image segmentation, image fusion, image registration, image recognition, image matching, scene interpretation, 3D reconstruction, and its applications in the field of biological medicine, remote sensing and other fields.
These reports show the latest improvements and researches in the area of image analysis. Since 2000, professors and PhD students of Nanjing University of Science and Technology (China), the Chinese University of Hong Kong, École des Mines d'Alès (France), Fukuoka Institute of Technology (Japan) and Yang-Ming University of Tai Wan, have done outstanding research works in the area of image analysis. They formed a circle of dynamic cooperation and carried out fruitful exchanges.
Improving the structural integrity together with the performance (weight, time to failure,) of structures requires a persisting effort in the field of mechanics of materials and structures. This can be achieved by a better understanding of the relationships between microscopic mechanisms and the macroscopic material behavior and structural response with respect to damage and fracture. This improvement strategy of materials, structures and assessment methods can be described as local approach to fracture. The local approach to fracture is an active research field. Initially developed in the context of steel structures (pressure vessels), its application domain has become wider and now deals with various kinds of materials (metallic alloys, metal matrix composites, polymers, elastomers, concrete...) as well as various physical deformation and damage mechanisms (plasticity, creep, fatigue, ductile fracture, brittle fracture...) This volume contains the proceedings on an international conference dedicated to these issues.
Ever since the beginning of modern probability theory in the seventeenth century there has been a continuous debate over the meaning and applicability of the concept of probability.
This book presents a coherent and well thought-out framework for the use probabilistic models to describe unique phenomena in a purely objective way. Although Estimating and Choosing was written with geostatistical applications in mind, the approach is of general applicability across the whole spectrum of probabilistic modelling.
The only full-fledged treatment of the foundations of practical probability modelling ever written, this book fills an important gap in the literature of probability and statistics.
The fifth International Conference on Biotechniques for Air Pollution Control and Bioenergy, held in the city of Nîmes (France) on 11-13 September 2013, aims to overview recent scientific advances and technological discoveries which led to the development of improved operating strategies and novel bioreactors configurations for the removal of volatile pollutants with high efficiencies and reduction of malodorous nuisance.
With respect to the energy sector, sustainable gas treatment concepts have rapidly been developed through, for example, the conversion of waste gas emissions into cleaner (bio)fuels which can thus be obtained from cheaper sources than fossil fuels. Additional aspects are considered as well, among which the production or/and recovery of compounds and by-products from the waste gas streams.
The fifth International Conference on Biotechniques for Air pollution Control and Bioenergy provides a good opportunity for a diverse community of specialized researchers, PhD students and professionals to share information on recent advances in the use of bioprocesses and bioenergy for solving air pollution problems.
Smart(er) Internet Regulation is about applying better regulation principles to the internet. The book addresses difficult-to-quantify policy objectives, such as protection of fundamental rights and the preservation of the internet ecosystem, and proposes a method to make trade-offs more explicit, and regulatory solutions better fit for purpose.
If there is one area where concepts evolve quickly, it is that of innovation. Developing a new business is to build a future that is by definition unknown. This is why this book explores a world that is firmly turned towards the future. It leads the reader on the path of the very concept of innovation, as well as on that of ideas turned resolutely towards the future and adventure, but also towards new forms of behavior.
This book is designed and written by the fellows of the International Cycle of the Institute of Higher Education for Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
EcoSD network is a French association whose main objective is to encourage collaboration between academic and industrial researchers so they may create and spread advanced and multidisciplinary knowledge in the eco-design fields at national and international levels. Several actions are proposed by the EcoSD network with the support from the French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME), from the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research as well as the Ministry of Industry:
-Structuring EcoSD research activities in France to take advantage of the expertise from more than 200 members of this research network, -Developing knowledge among researchers regarding the field of eco-design, particularly better training of PhD students by organizing relevant training courses over different themes in eco-design, -Elaborating new methods, new tools and new databases to achieve complex systems design, compatible with the principle of sustainable development, -Initiating the EcoSD label to acknowledge the quality and inclusion of sustainable development in trainings, research programs, research projects and symposiums, -Helping interactive collaboration between researchers and industrial partners through the organization of quarterly research seminars in Paris and an annual workshop.
The workshop was organized around three main topics:
-What is at stake with consequential LCA?
-Key methodological issues through the analysis of the state of the art, -Paving the way towards a common terminology, framework and methodology: illustrations through case studies.
Around 50 researchers from industry, academia and governmental institutions participated in the workshop and had the opportunity to exchange with experts. The workshop concluded with a final discussion panel.
James G. March has been a major student of organizations. He tried to understand how decisions happen in organizations, how organizations learn and adapt to their environment, how their goals and routines evolve. He observed and modeled the behavior of decision-makers with limited cognitive abilities, confronted with unstable and inconsistent preferences. He described the role of leaders in developing shared values and beliefs in an ambiguous world. He reflected on the role of institutions and on the characteristics of a good democratic governance in developing truth, justice and beauty.
Jim March was also a professor who has fascinated generations of Stanford students. It is in Don Quixote, Othello or War and Peace, rather than in management books, that he went to find the most eloquent descriptions on leaders struggling with the contradictions they face.
One of the most influential scholars on management of 20th century, March made decisive contributions to economics, sociology, psychology and political science. This book, originally published in French, is the first comprehensive overview of his entire body of work, presenting and popularizing its many facets.
Changer d'échelle dans la négociation climatique, c'est tenter de dépasser les débats complexes et inertiels sur les niveaux d'engagement de réduction des gaz à effet de serre que chaque pays serait prêt à consentir - ces engagements, lorsqu'ils sont annoncés, ne préjugeant d'ailleurs pas des moyens d'action que ces pays peuvent mettre en oeuvre.
C'est pour tenter de bousculer cette vision "top-down" de la négociation que les élèves du Mastère spécialisé(r) en Optimisation des Systèmes Énergétiques ont imaginé des propositions pour déplacer le cadre des discussions climatiques : en adaptant les mécanismes de financement aux contraintes des pays en développement ou aux enjeux de ceux qui reposent quasi exclusivement sur la production d'hydrocarbures ; en envisageant la réponse sectorielle que pourrait initier les secteurs très sensibles aux enjeux environnementaux comme le Charbon, l'Uranium ou l'Acier ; ou enfin en déclinant leurs solutions au niveau quotidien et individuel, plaçant le citoyen au centre des efforts, ciblant des ressources en raréfaction rapide comme l'eau, ou enfin prenant en compte les questions de congestion de trafic urbain.
Ces jeunes ingénieurs et scientifiques qui ont abordé le monde de l'énergie en une année d'immersion autour des systèmes énergétiques à MINES ParisTech à travers une approche originale basée sur l'optimisation, proposent ici quelques clés originales pour rechercher des solutions durables répondant à des contraintes de plus en plus fortes : changement climatique, épuisement des ressources, contraintes politiques et financières, etc.
The use phase is central to eco-design activities in all sectors. Various possibilities of eco-designing products are offered through usage consideration, matching different categories of products.
The in-use efficiency of high intensive energy-using products for instance is a deciding factor when eco-designing them. The European Commission recommends leading the global improvement of products' environmental footprint by reducing the impacts generated during use. Energy efficiency also contributes to optimising autonomy for transportation systems (automotive in particular), or mobile mechatronics products, and usually benefits to the user.
The use-phase integration is also critical to the planning of high maintenance operations and to the improvement of their environmental performance. For highly-technical products, from aircrafts to mundane products such as clothes, maintenance can be a major environmental burden. Even for relatively passive products but with a long shelf-life, the use-phase integration plays an important role in measuring the effect of an extended lifespan in absorbing the environmental impacts over use time. Furniture, buildings, food, etc., all benefit from usage integration through the development of realistic use conditions for adequate dimensioning of shelf-life, and through proper communication to users.
Around 70 researchers from industry, academia and governmental institutions participated in the 2016 workshop on how eco-design of products and services can embrace the use phase? and had the opportunity to exchange with experts.
This book contains a synthesis of the main contributions presented during this workshop divided into two sections: good practices for use phase integration during the eco-design of products and services, and, the opportunities to challenge this integration.
In 1912, Conrad Schlumberger (1878-1932), professor at the Ecole des Mines de Paris (now MINES ParisTech), made the first electric field imaging experiment at his family house in Val Richer, in Normandy. This offered new possibilities for exploring the Earth.
One hundred years later, the workshop, held in Paris, 9 - 10 July 2012, is an excellent opportunity to gather different communities working on electrical resistivity tomography. Electrical imaging has grown to include work in the fields of geophysics, medical imaging and process tomography, and is still developing. The booklet contains extended abstracts related to oral and poster presentations, demonstrating recent progress in terms of acquisition, data processing and inversion, but also presenting challenges still to be addressed.
EcoSD network is a French association whose main objective is to encourage collaboration between academic and industrial researchers so they may create and spread advanced and multidisciplinary knowledge in the eco-design fields at national and international levels. Several actions are proposed by the EcoSD network with the support from the French Environment and Energy Management Agency (ADEME), from the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research as well as the Ministry of Industry :
- Structuring EcoSD research activities in France to take advantage of the expertise from more than 200 members of this research network.
- Developing knowledge among researchers regarding the field of eco-design, particularly better training of PhD students by organizing relevant training courses over different themes in eco-design.
- Elaborating new methods, new tools and new databases to achieve complex systems design, compatible with the principle of sustainable development.
- Initiating the EcoSD label to acknowledge the quality and inclusion of sustainable development in trainings, research programs, research projects and symposiums.
- Helping interactive collaboration between researchers and industrial partners through the organization of quarterly research seminars in Paris and an annual workshop.
The objective of the EcoSD annual workshop 2015 was to present a scientific approach of eco-innovation concept and to underline how eco-innovation can propose sustainable alternatives to existing production and consumption systems.
This event was articulated around keynote sessions by international researchers, short sessions and discussions with EcoSD researchers, as well as a round table including industrial and institutional experts.
Around 70 participants from industry, academia and governmental institutions participated in the workshop and had the opportunity to exchange with experts.
